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| subdivision_type1 = State | subdivision_name1 = | subdivision_type2 = Region | subdivision_name2 = California Central Coast | seat_type = County seat | seat = Santa Barbara | seat1_type = Largest city | seat1 = Santa Maria | unit_pref = US | area_total_sq_mi = 3789 | area_land_sq_mi = 2735 | area_water_sq_mi = 1054 | elevation_max_footnotes = | elevation_max_ft = 6803 | elevation_min_footnotes = | elevation_min_ft = | population_as_of = April 1, 2010 | population_footnotes = 〔 | population_total = 423895 | pop_est_as_of = 2014 | pop_est_footnotes = 〔 | population_est = 440668 | population_density_sq_mi = auto | established_title = Incorporated | established_date = February 18, 1850〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Chronology )〕 | leader_title = | leader_name = | timezone = Pacific Time Zone | utc_offset = -8 | timezone_DST = Pacific Daylight Time | utc_offset_DST = -7 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code = 805 | image_map = Map of California highlighting Santa Barbara County.svg | mapsize = 200px | map_caption = Location in the state of California | image_map1 = Map of USA CA.svg | mapsize1 = 200px | map_caption1 = California's location in the United States | website = (www.countyofsb.org ) | footnotes = }} Santa Barbara County, California, officially the County of Santa Barbara, is a county located in the southern portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2010 census, the population was 423,895.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/06083.html )〕 The county seat is Santa Barbara,〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕 and the largest city is Santa Maria. Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), agriculture, and education. Software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county. Southern Santa Barbara County is sometimes considered the northern cultural boundary of Southern California.〔Leilah Bernstein, "Then and Now" - Los Angeles Times, December 31, 1999, page 1〕 ==History== The Santa Barbara County area, including the Northern Channel Islands, was first settled by Native Americans at least 13,000 years ago. Evidence for a Paleoindian presence has been found in the form of a fluted Clovis-like point found in the 1980s along the western Santa Barbara Coast, as well as the remains of Arlington Springs Man found on Santa Rosa Island in the 1960s. For thousands of years, the area was home to the Chumash tribe of Native Americans, complex hunter-gatherers who lived along the coast and in interior valleys leaving rock art in many locations including Painted Cave. Europeans first contacted the Chumash in AD 1542, when three Spanish ships under the command of Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo explored the area. The Santa Barbara Channel received its name from Spanish explorer Sebastián Vizcaíno when he sailed along the California coast in 1602; his ships entered the channel on December 4, the day of the feast of Santa Barbara. Spanish ships associated with the Manila Galleon trade probably made emergency stops along the coast during the next 167 years, but no permanent settlements were established. The first land expedition to explore California, led by Gaspar de Portolà explored the coastal area in 1769, on its way to Monterey Bay. The party traveled the same route on the return to San Diego in January 1770. That same year, a second expedition to Monterey again passed through the area. The DeAnza expeditions of 1774-76 followed Portola's trail. The Presidio of Santa Barbara was established in 1782 (4th of 5 in California), followed by Mission Santa Barbara in 1786 – both in what is now the city of Santa Barbara. The presidio and mission kept Vizcaino's denomination, as did the later city and county – a common practice which has preserved the names of many of the 21 California Missions. European contacts had devastating effects on the Chumash people, including a series of disease epidemics that drastically reduced Chumash population. The Chumash survived, however, and thousands of Chumash descendants still live in the Santa Barbara area or surrounding counties. A tribal homeland was established in 1901, the Santa Ynez Reservation.〔(Santa Ynez Chumash reservation )〕 Following the Mexican secularization of the missions in the 1830s, the mission pasture lands were mostly broken up into large ''ranchos'' and granted mainly to prominent local citizens who already lived in the area. 604 of these land grants were later confirmed by the state of California – 36 in Santa Barbara County.〔(Santa Barbara County Rancho Map )〕 Santa Barbara County was one of the 26 original counties of California, formed in 1850 at the time of statehood. The county's territory was later divided to create Ventura County in 1872. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Santa Barbara County, California」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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